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Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-04-08 Origin: Site
A transformer is a device that converts alternating current (AC) voltage, current, and impedance. When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it creates an alternating magnetic flux in the iron core, which induces a voltage (or current) in the secondary coil.
The components of a dry-type transformer include the body (iron core, windings, insulation, leads), the oil-type transformer consists of transformer oil, oil tank and cooling device, tap changer, protection device (dehumidifier, safety air duct, gas relay, oil conservator and temperature measuring device), and lead-out bushing.
1. Iron core
The iron core is the main magnetic circuit part of the transformer. It is usually made of high-silicon, 0.35mm, 0.3mm, and 0.27mm thick, hot-rolled or cold-rolled silicon steel sheets coated with insulating paint.
The iron core is divided into two parts: the iron core column and the yoke. The windings are套on the iron core column; the yoke is used to close the magnetic circuit.
The basic structural forms of iron cores are core type and shell type.
2. Windings
The windings are the circuit part of the transformer, which are made of double-strand insulated flat wire or enameled round wire.
Taking a single-phase transformer as an example, a single-phase transformer has two coils wound together on a closed iron core, as shown in the figure on the right. The coil connected to the power source is called the primary coil, and the symbols of all related quantities are marked with a subscript 1 in the lower right corner, such as U1, I1, etc. The coil connected to the load is called the secondary coil, and the symbols of all related rated quantities are marked with a subscript 2 in the lower right corner, such as U2, I2, etc.
The working principle of this transformer is: when an alternating voltage u1 is applied to the primary winding of the transformer, an alternating current i1 is generated in the primary winding, which generates an alternating magnetic flux Φ in the iron core. Since the primary and secondary windings are on the same iron core, when the magnetic flux Φ passes through the secondary winding, it generates an induced electromotive force e2 (i.e., transformer voltage) in the secondary side of the transformer. The magnitude of the induced electromotive force in the transformer is proportional to the number of turns of the coil, the magnitude of the magnetic flux, and the frequency of the power source.
A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction. Transformers are used in a wide variety of applications, including power distribution, audio and video signal processing, and telecommunications.
A transformer consists of two coils of wire, called the primary and secondary windings, that are wound around a ferromagnetic core. When an alternating current is passed through the primary winding, it creates a magnetic field in the core. This magnetic field then induces an alternating current in the secondary winding.
The ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding determines the voltage transformation ratio of the transformer. For example, a transformer with a primary winding of 100 turns and a secondary winding of 200 turns will have a voltage transformation ratio of 2:1. This means that the voltage on the secondary winding will be twice the voltage on the primary winding.
Transformers can be used to step up or step down voltages, as well as to isolate circuits from each other. They are an essential part of many electrical systems.
There are many different types of transformers, each with its own specific application. Some common types of transformers include:
Power transformers: Power transformers are used to distribute electrical power from power plants to homes and businesses. They are typically large and heavy, and they can be found in substations and on power poles.
Distribution transformers: Distribution transformers are used to distribute electrical power from substations to homes and businesses. They are typically smaller than power transformers, and they can be found on street corners and in neighborhoods.
Audio transformers: Audio transformers are used to couple audio signals between different components in an audio system. They can be used to match impedances, to isolate circuits, and to step up or step down voltages.
Video transformers: Video transformers are used to couple video signals between different components in a video system. They can be used to match impedances, to isolate circuits, and to step up or step down voltages.
Pulse transformers: Pulse transformers are used to generate high-voltage pulses for a variety of applications, such as radar, lasers, and medical imaging.
Isolation transformers: Isolation transformers are used to isolate circuits from
A voltage stabilizers is a device that automatically adjusts the output voltage to a stable value. It is used to protect electrical equipment from voltage fluctuations and ensure their normal operation.
The working principle of a voltage stabilizers is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding of a transformer, it generates a magnetic field in the core. This magnetic field then induces an alternating current in the secondary winding.
The ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding determines the voltage transformation ratio of the transformer. For example, a transformer with a primary winding of 100 turns and a secondary winding of 200 turns will have a voltage transformation ratio of 2:1. This means that the voltage on the secondary winding will be twice the voltage on the primary winding.
Voltage stabilizers use this principle to adjust the output voltage. The primary winding of the transformer is connected to the input power source, and the secondary winding is connected to the load. The voltage on the secondary winding is then adjusted by changing the number of turns in the primary winding.
There are many different types of voltage stabilizer, each with its own specific application. Some common types of voltage stabilizers include:
Linear voltage stabilizers: Linear voltage stabilizers use a feedback loop to adjust the output voltage. The feedback loop compares the output voltage to a reference voltage and then adjusts the output voltage accordingly.
Switching voltage stabilizers: Switching voltage stabilizers use a switching circuit to adjust the output voltage. The switching circuit turns the input voltage on and off at a high frequency, and the output voltage is then filtered to produce a stable DC voltage.
Servo voltage stabilizers: Servo voltage stabilizers use a servomotor to adjust the output voltage. The servomotor is connected to the transformer's tap changer, and it adjusts the tap changer to change the number of turns in the primary winding.
Voltage stabilizers are used in a wide variety of applications, including:
Power distribution: Voltage stabilizers are used to distribute electrical power from power plants to homes and businesses.
Audio and video equipment: Voltage stabilizers are used to power audio and video equipment, such as amplifiers, speakers, and televisions.
Computer and electronic equipment: Voltage stabilizers are used to power computer and electronic equipment, such as personal computers, laptops, and smartphones.
Industrial equipment: Voltage stabilizers are used to power industrial equipment, such as motors, pumps, and robots.
Voltage stabilizers offer a number of advantages, including:
Stable output voltage: Voltage stabilizers provide a stable output voltage, regardless of fluctuations in the input voltage. This helps to protect electrical equipment from damage and ensures their normal operation.
Reduced noise: Voltage stabilizers can reduce noise in the power supply. This can improve the performance of audio and video equipment and reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Increased efficiency: Voltage stabilizers can increase the efficiency of electrical equipment by reducing power consumption.
Voltage stabilizers also have some disadvantages, including:
Cost: Voltage stabilizers can be more expensive than other types of power supplies.
Complexity: Voltage stabilizers can be more complex than other types of power supplies. This can make them more difficult to install and maintain.
Heat dissipation: Voltage stabilizers can generate heat, which can require additional cooling measures.
Voltage stabilizers are an important part of many electrical systems. They provide a stable output voltage, reduce noise, and increase efficiency. However, they can be more expensive and complex than other types of power supplies.